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What is a Pediatric Surgeon?

When your child needs medical treatment, you want him or her to have the very best care available. So it stands to reason that if your child needs an operation, you will want to consult with a surgeon who is qualified and experienced in operating on children.

Surgeons who specialize in general surgery often provide surgical care for children, and they are fully qualified to perform many operations on children.

In more urbanized areas of the country, another kind of surgeon â€" the pediatric surgeon â€" is also available to provide comprehensive surgical care for children.

Pediatric surgeons operate on children whose development ranges from the newborn stage through the teenage years. In addition to completing training and achieving board certification, pediatric surgeons complete three additional years of training exclusively in children's surgery. They then receive special certification in the subspecialty of pediatric surgery.

What is the pediatric surgeon's role in treating the child?

Pediatric surgeons are primarily concerned with the diagnosis, preoperative, operative, and postoperative management of surgical problems in children. Some medical conditions in newborns are not compatible with a good quality of life unless these problems are corrected surgically.

These conditions must be recognized immediately by neonatologists, pediatricians, and family physicians. Pediatric surgeons cooperate with all of the specialists involved in a child's medical care to determine whether surgery is the best option for the child.

What is the focus of pediatric surgery?

Pediatric surgeons utilize their expertise in providing surgical care for all problems or conditions affecting children that require surgical intervention. They participate in transplantation operations, and like most surgeons today, they use laparoscopic techniques for some operations.

They also have particular expertise in the following areas of responsibility:

Neonatal - Pediatric surgeons have specialized knowledge in the surgical repair of birth defects, some of which may be life threatening to premature and full-term infants.

Prenatal - Pediatric surgeons, in cooperation with radiologists, use ultrasound and other technologies during the fetal stage of a child's development to detect any abnormalities. They can then plan corrective surgery and educate and get to know parents before their baby is born. Prenatal diagnosis may lead to fetal surgery, which is a new forefront in the subspecialty of pediatric surgery. Application of most fetal surgical techniques is still in the experimental stage.

Trauma - Because trauma is the number one killer of children in the United States, pediatric surgeons are routinely faced with critical care situations involving traumatic injuries sustained by children that may or may not require surgical intervention. Many pediatric surgeons are involved in accident prevention programs in their communities that are aimed at curbing traumatic injuries in children.

Pediatric Oncology - Pediatric surgeons are involved in the diagnosis and surgical care of children with malignant tumors as well as those with benign growths.

Where do pediatric surgeons work?

Pediatric surgeons practice their specialty in a variety of medical institutions, including children's hospitals, university-related medical centers with major pediatric services, and large urban community hospitals.

What difference can a pediatric surgeon make?

Pediatric surgeons specialize in the surgical care of children. They are surgeons who, by training, are oriented toward working with children and understanding their special needs.

In addition, they work with various specialists who are also oriented towards the next century. Pediatric surgeons are able to save whole lifetimes, and have the opportunity to follow their patients through a productive young life into adulthood.

Laparoscopic surgery is becoming the standard of care for many pediatric conditions.

Laparoscopy and thoracoscopy are safe techniques with equivalent or even better results than open surgery in some situations. Laparoscopic procedures have been successfully performed in babies. An increasingly sophisticated and informed patient population often requests laparoscopy over open traditional procedures.

The reason for the establishment of the subspecialty of pediatric surgery is the recognition of significant issues regarding the care of the pediatric surgical patients that warrant special attention. This is certainly applicable to minimally invasive surgery for pediatric patients. Anatomical and physiological differences in children may require a modification of the techniques used in adults. Laparoscopy and thoracoscopy cause less tissue trauma and theoretically, less postoperative pain than open surgery.

Cholecystectomy, Appendectomy, Splenectomy, Gastrostomy and Nissen Fundoplication, Intussusception, Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis – Pyloromyotomy, Intestinal Obstruction

Duodenal atresia, duodenal stenosis, intestinal malrotation, imperforate anus with recto urethral and recto vesical fistula, Hirschsprung’s disease, Choledochal cyst, congenital diaphragmatic hernia and many others.

Pyeloplasty, nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy, nephroureterectomy has minimal estimated blood loss, less operative time, reduced hospitals stay, low morbidity and rapid recovery. 

Lung biopsy, drainage of empyema and decortication, mediastinal tumor biopsy, repair of diaphragmatic hernias and diaphragmatic eventration, repair of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, removal of pulmonary nodules and tumors, removal of blebs and pleurodesis, ligation of the thoracic duct.

The role of laparoscopy and thoracoscopy is well established in the treatment of penetrating and blunt trauma in the stable pediatric patient. Laparoscopic evaluation can guide the placement of the abdominal incision in tricky cases that need to be converted to laparotomy.

Robotic surgery is an advanced technology that enables the surgeon to perform a wide variety of minimally invasive procedures with advantage over standard laparoscopic surgery: - increased degrees of freedom, high quality of optical resolution and magnification, elimination of tremor and the ability to perform precise and expeditious intracorporeal suturing.